aria2/src/util_security.h

/* <!-- copyright */
/*
 * aria2 - The high speed download utility
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2014 Nils Maier
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
 *
 * In addition, as a special exception, the copyright holders give
 * permission to link the code of portions of this program with the
 * OpenSSL library under certain conditions as described in each
 * individual source file, and distribute linked combinations
 * including the two.
 * You must obey the GNU General Public License in all respects
 * for all of the code used other than OpenSSL.  If you modify
 * file(s) with this exception, you may extend this exception to your
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/* copyright --> */

#ifndef D_UTIL_SECURITY_H
#define D_UTIL_SECURITY_H

#include "common.h"

#include <string>
#include <stdexcept>

#include "a2functional.h"
#include "MessageDigest.h"

namespace aria2 {
namespace util {
namespace security {

/**
 * Compare to bytes in constant time.
 *
 * @param a First byte.
 * @param b Second byte.
 * @return True, if both match, false otherwise.
 */
bool compare(const uint8_t a, const uint8_t b);

/**
 * Compare two byte arrays in constant time. The arrays must have the same
 * length!
 *
 * @param a First byte array.
 * @param b Second byte array.
 * @return True, if both match, false otherwise.
 */
bool compare(const uint8_t* a, const uint8_t* b, size_t length);
inline bool compare(const char* a, const char* b, size_t length)
{
  return compare(reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(a),
                 reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(b), length * sizeof(char));
}

/**
 * HMAC Result wrapper. While it is still possible to get the raw result bytes,
 * when using this wrapper it is ensured that constant-time comparison is used.
 * Also, this wrapper makes it an error to compare results of a different
 * length, helping to prevent logic errors either during development, or
 * triggering in the wild. Therefore |.getBytes()| use should be avoided.
 */
class HMACResult {
public:
  HMACResult(const std::string& result) : result_(result), len_(result.length())
  {
  }

  HMACResult(const char* result, size_t length)
      : result_(result, length), len_(length)
  {
  }

  HMACResult(const HMACResult& other) : result_(other.result_), len_(other.len_)
  {
  }

  HMACResult& operator=(const HMACResult& other)
  {
    result_ = other.result_;
    len_ = other.len_;
    return *this;
  }

  bool operator==(const HMACResult& other) const
  {
    if (len_ != other.len_) {
      throw std::domain_error("comparing different hmac is undefined");
    }
    return compare(result_.data(), other.result_.data(), len_);
  }

  bool operator!=(const HMACResult& other) const { return !(*this == other); }

  size_t length() const { return len_; }

  const std::string& getBytes() const { return result_; }

private:
  std::string result_;
  size_t len_;
};

/**
 * Implements HMAC-SHA* per RFC 6234. It supports the same cryptographic hash
 * algorithms that MessageDigest supports, but at most the SHA-1, SHA-2
 * algorithms as specified in the RFC.
 */
class HMAC {
public:
  /**
   * Constructs a new HMAC. It is recommended to use the |create| or
   * |createRandom| factory methods instead.
   *
   * @see create
   * @see createRandom
   */
  HMAC(const std::string& algorithm, const char* secret, size_t length);

  /**
   * Creates a new instance using the specified algorithm and secret.
   */
  static std::unique_ptr<HMAC> create(const std::string& algorithm,
                                      const std::string& secret)
  {
    return create(algorithm, secret.data(), secret.length());
  }

  /**
   * Creates a new instance using the specified algorithm and secret.
   */
  static std::unique_ptr<HMAC> create(const std::string& algorithm,
                                      const char* secret, size_t length)
  {
    if (!supports(algorithm)) {
      return nullptr;
    }
    return make_unique<HMAC>(algorithm, secret, length);
  }

  /**
   * Creates a new instance using sha-1 and the specified secret.
   */
  static std::unique_ptr<HMAC> create(const std::string& secret)
  {
    return create("sha-1", secret.data(), secret.length());
  }

  /**
   * Creates a new instance using sha-1 and the specified secret.
   */
  static std::unique_ptr<HMAC> create(const char* secret, size_t length)
  {
    return create("sha-1", secret, length);
  }

  /**
   * Creates a new instance using the specified algorithm and a random secret.
   */
  static std::unique_ptr<HMAC> createRandom(const std::string& algorithm);

  /**
   * Creates a new instance using sha-1 and a random secret.
   */
  static std::unique_ptr<HMAC> createRandom() { return createRandom("sha-1"); }

  /**
   * Tells if this implementation supports a specific hash algorithm.
   */
  static bool supports(const std::string& algorithm);

  /**
   * Tells the length in bytes of the resulting HMAC.
   */
  size_t length() const { return md_->getDigestLength(); }

  /**
   * Resets the instance, clearing the internal state. The instance can be
   * re-used afterwards.
   */
  void reset()
  {
    if (clean_) {
      return;
    }
    md_->reset();
    md_->update(ipad_.data(), ipad_.length());
    clean_ = true;
  }

  /**
   * Updates the HMAC with new message data.
   */
  void update(const std::string& data)
  {
    md_->update(data.data(), data.length());
    clean_ = false;
  }

  /**
   * Updates the HMAC with new message data.
   */
  void update(const char* data, size_t length)
  {
    md_->update(data, length);
    clean_ = false;
  }

  /**
   * Returns the result. This can only be called once. After the call the
   * internal state is reset and new HMACs can be computed with the same
   * instance.
   */
  HMACResult getResult()
  {
    auto rv = md_->digest();
    md_->reset();
    md_->update(opad_.data(), opad_.length());
    md_->update(rv.data(), rv.length());
    rv = md_->digest();
    clean_ = false;
    reset();
    return HMACResult(rv);
  }

  /**
   * Returns the resulting HMAC of string in one go. You cannot mix call to this
   * method with calls to update.
   */
  HMACResult getResult(const std::string& str)
  {
    reset();
    update(str);
    return getResult();
  }

  /**
   * Returns the resulting HMAC of string in one go. You cannot mix call to this
   * method with calls to update.
   */
  HMACResult getResult(const char* data, size_t len)
  {
    reset();
    update(data, len);
    return getResult();
  }

private:
  const size_t blockSize_;
  std::unique_ptr<MessageDigest> md_;
  std::string ipad_, opad_;
  bool clean_;
};

/**
 * Create A PKBDF2-HMAC. See RFC 2898.
 *
 * Example:
 *   result = PBKDF2(HMAC::create("password"), random_salt, salt_len, 1000);
 */
HMACResult PBKDF2(HMAC* hmac, const char* salt, size_t salt_length,
                  size_t iterations, size_t key_length = 0);

/**
 * Create A PKBDF2-HMAC. See RFC 2898.
 *
 * Example:
 *   result = PBKDF2(HMAC::create("password"), random_salt, 1000);
 */
inline HMACResult PBKDF2(HMAC* hmac, const std::string& salt, size_t iterations,
                         size_t key_length = 0)
{
  return PBKDF2(hmac, salt.data(), salt.length(), iterations, key_length);
}

} // namespace security
} // namespace util
} // namespace aria2

#endif // D_UTIL_SECURITY_H